Monday, December 30, 2019

Impact Of Advent On The Christian Church - 1715 Words

Advent is a season observed in many Western Christian churches as a time of expectant waiting and preparation for the celebration of the Nativity of Jesus at Christmas. The term is a version of the Latin word meaning coming. Latin adventus is the translation of the Greek word parousia, commonly used to refer to the Second Coming of Christ. For Christians, the season of Advent anticipates the coming of Christ from three different perspectives. Since the time of Bernard of Clairvaux(d.1153) Christians have spoken of the three comings of Christ: in the flesh in Bethlehem, in our hearts daily, and in glory at the end of time.[1] The season offers the opportunity to share in the ancient longing for the coming of the Messiah, and to be alert†¦show more content†¦The first clear references to the Western Church to Advent occur in the Gelasian Sacramentary, which provides Advent Collects, Epistles, and Gospels for the five Sundays preceding Christmas and for the corresponding Wednesdays and Fridays.[14] While the Sunday readings relate to the first coming of Jesus Christ as savior as well as to his second coming as judge, traditions vary in the relative importance of penitence and expectation during the weeks in Advent. Liturgical colors[edit] Censing during solemn Advent vespers. See also: Liturgical colors The usual liturgical color in Western Christianity for Advent is either violet (or purple) or blue.[15] The violet or purple color is often used for hangings around the church, the vestments of the clergy, and often also the tabernacle. In some Christian denominations, blue, a color representing hope, is an alternative liturgical color for Advent, a custom traced to the usage ofShow MoreRelatedReligious Education Sba1510 Words   |  7 PagesSt. James Cathedral church 2. the significance and meaning of the festivals to the members of the church 3. the benefits the members get from celebrating the festivals. Information Collection How | When | where | Instrument | Interview | 21.11.1022.11.10 | Churchhome | Pen and paperComputer | Library Literate | 22.11.1024.11.10 | School library | | | 3.12.10 | Home: 62 old harbour road, Spanish town. | | Summary of Findings The St. James Anglican Church (Cathedral) celebratesRead MoreThe Development of Christianity in America1595 Words   |  7 Pagesmore evident than in Roman Britain and the era of Anglo-Saxon migrations. In five centuries, English religious culture transformed from one of pagan worship to that of leadership in the Christian world. Controversies included more than merely pagan-Christian dynamics; the Christians were greatly divided, and Christian efforts went through many ebbs before becoming firmly established. One must evaluate the development of both Rome and England to gain an adequate understanding of early English ChristianityRead MoreEssay about Martin Luthers Impact on the Catholic Church938 Words   |  4 Pageshis promise, he dropped out of university and entered the monastery. Religious issues the person responded to. Martin Luther responded to the exploitation delivered by the Roman Catholic Church. Upon travelling to Rome in 1517, Luther was appalled by the conduct of most of the members of the church and its hierarchy, especially the sale of indulgences. Indulgences were a remission of the temporal punishment due to sin, a form of buying yourself out of sin so that the parishioner could proceedRead MoreChristian Religious Education : A Book Based Out1593 Words   |  7 PagesThrough reading Christian Religious Education I discovered many things, some of them are simple easy things while others have a bigger impact. First of all, I recommend not trying to read this book all in one sitting, it is too deep and intense to read that way. However, if you read the book based out, as recommended by Leslie Long then the book was fine. Yet, whichever way you read the book the same general message will get across. That message is one that education is important, in ChristianityRead MoreChristian Esch atology1714 Words   |  7 Pagespart of their religious life because they it determines the way in which they live their lives. These people live by a set of rules and ethics set by the Bible because they want to have the favorable experience after death that was outlined in the Christian Eschatology. In Christianity, death is thought to be the point at which the soul leaves its earthly body and the soul is at rest until judgment day. Death is God’s punishment imposed upon humans resulting from Adam eating the forbidden fruitRead MoreWho Is Man? : God s Word1574 Words   |  7 PagesWith God at the center of their hearts to give such instruction or rendering the Word to His people? Christians understand the truth sometimes as a single, consistent vision, expanding only as it gains increasingly precise insights, the result of the church being forced to counter deliberate perversions of that truth. Christians, however, understand the truth sometimes, as that which the church seeks to discover in the context of ever-changing circumstances and new challenges. Therefore, by proceedingRead MoreSimilarities Between The Middle Ages And The Dark Ages963 Words   |  4 Pagesenvilied as a strong religious movement that tried to untie the people of europe. It was a time of religious struggles. Christians and catholics had different opinions and this resulted in the catholic corruption. They hated the fact that the catholic were increasing in power. Christians tried to create the pure christianity were there wouldnt be any corrupted methods by the catholic church. During this time the catholics never referred to this time as â€Å"dark†. They considered this time peaceful and productiveRead More Essay on Religion in the Works of William Shakespeare1720 Words   |  7 Pagesnature of William Shakespeares plays. This essay covers three topics surrounding Shakespeares work: the religious climate of 16th Century England, Shakespeares upbringing (school, parents, Stratford itself), and a brief introduction into the impact his society and up bringing had upon his work.    I. THE RELIGIOUS CLIMATE OF 16TH CENTURY ENGLAND    In order to understand the religious content in Shakespeares work it is helpful to first understand what the religious environmentRead MoreVoices of Morebath Essay1108 Words   |  5 Pagesreligious just to not be shunned and cast out from the community. After establishing the character of the parish and those within its borders, Duffy gets into the meat of the matter and begins to describe how the parish reacted and changed with the advent of the reformation. King Henry began rapidly shifting what was and what was not couth within the country of England and this frustrated many parishioners and left others simply confused. While they were often not fond of changing their deeply rootedRead MoreThe Middle Ages : A Holy War Or Crusade Against Muslim Turks1357 Words   |  6 Pagesbelieved in God and the church ruled,† doesn’t George Bernard Shaw make it seem like life would seem simple in the middle ages. Everyone believing in the same ideas and practices. Although, it might not be that simple, back in the middle ages everyone believed the Christianity. The church unified its people from a once corrupt world. The people would devote countless hours of their lives to give back to the church. Above all, the feudal system wa s controlled by the church, including the all mighty

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Advertising Essay - 2261 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;School, family and church all have an effect on teenagers, but nothing will ever measure up to the effect that advertising has on our nation’s youth. The advertisements target our youth by way of radio, television and newspaper. Advertisers use special tactics to persuade youth to buy their products. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;With the ever growing world of mass media becoming more accessible to children, we must realize the effect advertising has on the youth of today. Multiple television sets are commonplace in today’s homes. â€Å"Today, at least one television set is in 98.2% of American households.† (Television Bureau of Advertising, 2001) Television viewing is no longer a family activity. â€Å"Fifty-six†¦show more content†¦Many hip-hop and hits radio stations have a large group of youths listening everyday. So advertisers make ads to appeal to a certain age group or gender. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Print advertisements have many positive aspects as well as television and radio. Billboards are seen by many people on the roads everyday. Billboards are effective because they reach a lot of people with huge ads. Billboards also are designed to appeal to the eye with bright colors to attract the driver to read the product being advertised. Newspaper ads are also effective because they reach many people and they are the least expensive way of mass advertising. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Advertisers use certain techniques to lure the customer to either buy the product or read the rest of the advertisement. One way advertisers try to appeal to many people by making their ads appealing to an array of age groups. They do this by making an â€Å"adult† ad contain many subliminal messages to appeal to youth. Advertisers also try to narrow down their age group of consumers to save money and increase effectiveness. Advertisers use certain colors and pictures to help catch the eye of the consumer easily. For example restaurants will use many yellows in their ads because it sends a message of hunger to the consumer. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Gender advertising is very important in youth because they are veryShow MoreRelatedAdvertising : Advertising And Advertising1636 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Every Advertising campaign main focus is to be cost effective, reach the largest target audience and most importantly should attract new customers.(allbusiess.com) Advertising plays a crucial role for every company regarding the size of the company, it doesn’t matter if the company is big or small an effective and well planned ad campaign can do wonders for the company. â€Å"Effective advertising reaches potential customers and informs them of your products or services. Ideally, advertising shouldRead MoreAdvertising Analysis : Advertising And Advertising Essay731 Words   |  3 Pagespromote sales. Since that time advertising has come a long way, with the introduction of advertising slogans and jingles cleverly designed to play on human pyschology and thereby maximise product sales. Within the last 150 years, forms of media that have been recently invented have become the most popular ways of advertising - such as radio, television and newspapers/magazines/billboards. Th ese forms of media have been a gateway to allow subtle advanced advertising techniques to be used, althoughRead MoreAdvertising And Its Effect On Advertising939 Words   |  4 Pages Advertising Advertising has become an important thing in our everyday life. Almost all the companies make advertisements these days. Usually companies when launching a new product gives advertisement about their products may be in on television or newspaper. This kind of advertising attracts audiences who are likely to buy the product. For example, the advertisement of cola attracts a large part of audience and they are influenced by watching their favorite stars drinking a cola on television thatRead MoreAdvertising : The Goal Of Advertising969 Words   |  4 PagesThe goal of advertising is to convince the consumer will be better with the product. Their main concern is to sell the product. They care about the money more than they care about their product’s efficiency. Everything is being advertised today. You can watch a commercial and suddenly feel a need for the product. Advertisers will â€Å"make† you by the product by having a creative name of their product and a catchy slo gan. Commercials can have an impact on our culture because of how advertising is performedRead MoreThe Beauty Of Advertising : Advertising1433 Words   |  6 Pages13 September 2017 The Beauty of Advertising In a society where we are encouraged to purchase the top brands, the shiniest jewelry, and the best products on the market, companies have began to put themselves out there. One of the main ways they have attempted to accomplish this is through advertising. Advertisements can be found virtually anywhere ranging from the newspaper to TV commercials to billboards†¦ The possibilities are endless. Competition in the advertising world is fierce as corporationsRead MoreAdvertising : Teens And Advertising1099 Words   |  5 Pages Ahumareze Paula 1358 English 101 M. Gonzalez Project 3: Research November 17, 2014 Word count: 872 Abstract word count: 102 TEENS AND ADVERTISING Abstract: companies have to sell their products. In order for them to, they have targeted a particular group of people which are teens. Advertisers know teens are very vulnerable, and want to be seen as â€Å"cool† and for these companies to sell their product, they (advertisers) paint this unrealistic image of a teenager, in their (teens) heads. They (advertisers)Read MoreAdvertising : The Purpose Of Advertising And Advertising941 Words   |  4 PagesThe main purpose of commercials and advertisements is to persuade the viewer to purchase the product that is advertised, but not all commercials are successful in this endeavor. Companies, such as Budweiser and Kleenex, appeal to the viewers’ ethos, logos, and pathos in order to influence them to buy the advertised product(s). In order to appeal to each of the categories, companies use different tactics to catch viewers’ attention. Budweiser first released its â€Å"Lost Dog† commercial during SuperRead MoreAdvertising And The Advertising Groups1057 Words   |  5 PagesOften you hear the phrase, â€Å"there is truth in advertising†. More and more media groups use unique and gimmicky concepts to grab the attention of their desired audience. One such concept commonly employed by advertising groups is scare tactics. Groups such as the Truth Campaign or the American Cancer Association have been using stark commercials with dark, and often graphic, materials to get across their anti-tobacco message. One of these ads (above) uses familiar imagery in a provocative way toRead MoreAdvertising : The Rhetoric Of Advertising829 Words   |  4 Pagesmanage to distinguish brands not with the merchandise, but with ads themselves. This is possible because advertisers manipulate consumers’ thought processes with rhetorical and visual techniques. Stuart Hirschberg, author of, â€Å"The Rhetoric of Adv ertising†, asserts that, â€Å"ads appear as mini-arguments† (132). Unlike arguments, ads can avoid scrutiny because of techniques called weasel words. William Lutz, a former English professor, states in â€Å"With These Words, I Can Sell You Anything† that weaselRead MoreAdvertising Regulation Of The Advertising1812 Words   |  8 PagesREPORT: †¢ Introduction †¢ Why advertising needs to be regulated? †¢ Benefits for businesses by following advertisement regulations †¢ Unfavorable circumstances for businesses by not following advertisement regulations †¢ Types of false advertisements †¢ Advertising to businesses †¢ Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act †¢ Advertising and Marketing Law †¢ REGULATIONS THAT AFFECT ADVERTISING †¢ Advertising Standards Regulation in Australia †¢ International advertising regulation †¢ How would you

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Julius Caesar Free Essays

Julius Caesar If Caesar had been more astute and willing to accept his own vulnerability, he might have recognized warnings around him which foreshadowed his assassination. One of the warnings, which was very important, was Artemidorus’ letter which contained names of all conspirators. This takes place in Act III scene i lines 5-10. We will write a custom essay sample on Julius Caesar or any similar topic only for you Order Now Caesar ignored this warning by refusing to read Artemidorus’ letter, because he wanted to read it last, as he says â€Å"What touches us ourself shall be last serv’d. The second warning that he ignored was Calphurnia’s (his wife’s) dream about Caesar’s blood upon the Capitol (Act II scene ii). After he received this warning, at first he decided not to go, but then Decius came and changed his mind by interpreting the dream such a way that seems to be good. Decius said those bloods and all mean that great Rome regards you as its lifeblood. Therefore, Caesar changed his mind and decided to go to the Senate House. As you see the warnings were all around Caesar and he just had to listen to others. The last warning that I found in the play were fortune-tellers. Before Caesar goes to Senate House, he asked soothsayers and fortune-tellers about it, and they advised him not to go out on that day (Act II scene ii). This is what they said: â€Å"Opening up the innards of a sacrifice, they couldn’t find a heart inside the beast. † From these warnings, and assassination of Caesar, we conclude that Caesar was proud of himself, believing himself as eternal as the North Star. Through the play, we find out that he is unable to separate his public image from his private image, which lead to his death. Also, He ignores all warnings and threats against his life, because of his ambition and seduction by the people’s increasing idealization and idolization of his image. Brutus was one of the most complex characters in this story, and his strong idealism is both his greatest advantage and his most deadly disadvantage. While Brutus lives up to Antony’s description of him as â€Å"the noblest of Romans†, his narrow vision leads him to make certain mistakes: wanting to reduce violence, he ignores Cassius’s suggestion they should kill Antony as well as Caesar. In another moment of idealism, he again ignores Cassius’s advice and allows Antony to speak at Caesar’s funeral over Caesar’s body. As a result of this action, Antony incites people to riot against him and the other conspirators. Some other bad examples of his weakness in idealism can be seen when Brutus endangers his good relationship with Cassius. In all of these, Brutus acts out of a desire to limit the self-serving aspects of his actions. Although, when looking at it ironically, we see that in each incident, he kills the cause that he wants to promote and get to. In other parts of the play we that Brutus only agrees to kill Caesar after becoming convinced by his dear friend, Cassius, that it is necessary for the Roman Republic. This shows that Brutus is an idealist who upholds honor above everything else. As I said earlier, Brutus is a very complex character, because he is a powerful public figure, and at the same time, a husband, a good master to his servants, a dignified military leader, and a loving friend. For example, he respects his servants and therefore his servants are very good to him and respect him very much. Also, he loves his wife, Portia, very much, that in Act II scene i we find out they have a very close connection with each other. It is important to note that he is a stoic person, because he suffers pain from his wife’s death but doesn’t show it much throughout the play. Although, at the end of play, he doesn’t act much stoic, because he commits suicide once he believes defeat in the battle. This shows that he was not able to suffer to be taken to the city as a captive and slave, and someone who’s in chains. I believe that Brutus is this play’s tragic hero. He is a good and admirable character in the play, but because of his wrong decisions and mistakes, his actions go wrong and do not satisfy the cause; in other words, he does something almost opposite that bring about a downfall. In this play, Brutus overrules all the advices that Cassius, the great thinker of conspirators, makes, and it results tragic for conspirators. First, Cassius’ advice to kill Mark Antony as well as Caesar is ignored leading to Mark Antony becoming their greatest enemy. Later at Caesar’s funeral, Cassius’ advice that Mark Antony should not speak is also ignored leading to Antony turning people against them (conspirators). Finally, in Act V, Brutus ignores Cassius’ advice to stay on high ground, leading to a battle in the plains of Philippi. Therefore, because of mistakes that Brutus makes, and his faults, he is considered to be the tragic hero of the play. As we find out through the play, superstition is an important part of it and a significant factor in Roman life. Characters in play all believe in omens and portents, and how your fate is de ermined by certain stars. Although there are few characters who don’t believe in soothsayers and what they say and predict. For example, Cassius says, â€Å"the fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars. But in ourselves, that we are underlings. † This shows that he doesn’t agree with the belief that some people have that says the star or planet under which you were born determines your characteristics and fate. In other cases, we have Caesar telling Antony to touch Calphurnia when running, and asking Calphurnia to stand in Antony’s way, so that through his touch she may shake off her â€Å"sterile curse†. It was a superstition that young men ran almost naked in the streets carrying light leather thongs with which they’d touch women who present themselves along the street; and because of that touch, these women ensured their fertility and an easy labor and delivery. Another superstitious event that occurred in the play was the interruption caused by soothsayer who wanted to tell Caesar â€Å"Beware the Ides of March. † Generally â€Å"Ideas† means middle; therefore, Ides of March is 15th of March. Caesar heard him but he asked him to repeat himself. After soothsayer repeated himself, Caesar decided that he is a dreamer, and disregarded him. This shows that even Caesar didn’t agree with beliefs that people of Rome had at that time. As it can be seen, superstition plays a role in the basic daily life of most Roman citizens; and many of them told fortune as their job. Overall, Shakespeare gives us the idea that many people try to find out about future and what it holds, such as unfortunate things, by being superstitious. For instance, Shakespeare starts Act I with a setting based upon superstition, and what goes on between soothsayers. The element Irony is defined as the strange aspect of a situation that is very different from what you expect. Therefore, we see that there are many cases in which irony has been used and extent into the characterization of different characters in the play. Brutus’ irony was irony of situation; he was the person in charge of the assassination of Caesar. Although there were all the conspirators, Brutus was the one who did most of the job. Not to forget Cassius, he was the thinker of conspirators; therefore, he was the main head of group. Although Cassius’ advices would have lead to good endings, but every time Brutus changed them and overruled them; therefore, as an irony, we didn’t thought things would go differently, the way they did. Ironically, though, we can say that Brutus assassinated his friend, Caesar, to prevent one man ruling the Roman Empire. Although, this went wrong, and Octavius, one of the Triumvirs who defeated Brutus and Cassius, was later to become a Roman Emperor ruling the entire Rome alone after his victory over Mark Antony. We also find that out because he (Octavius) is the last person who finished the play (Act V). Overall, we can conclude that irony was extent into Brutus’ character very much. In Cassius’ case, his character didn’t include much irony extent into it. He was a good thinker, and he had wise advices which were not followed correctly all the time. Therefore, things that happened after his advice was overruled are not considered to be his irony. In Julius Caesar, we have different types of Irony. The one used the most is dramatic irony, meaning the audience is aware of the character’s mistakes or misunderstandings but the character is not. For example, Caesar’s ambition, and his popularity increasing, caused the conspirators to fear that he would take over. We, as the reader, can see Caesar’s flaws although he does not. This ironic characteristic that we see shows us how Caesar’s flaws lead to his death. Julius Caesar ignored the signs and kept going in his ambitious quest to gain power; therefore, he had a lot of irony extent into his characterization. Other than dramatic irony, we have another irony called verbal irony. Verbal irony is when the writer says one thing and means another. In the play, Antony’s speech in Caesar’s funeral to the people who loved Brutus presents irony. Antony repeatedly kept saying â€Å"Brutus is an honorable man†¦ â€Å", or â€Å"Brutus is a noble man†, throughout his speech. This quote shows the irony because Antony did not mean what he was saying. His purpose was to force the people into seeing what Brutus has done without actually saying â€Å"Brutus assassinated your leader, Caesar†. What Antony did was very clever, and from that we conclude that irony has extent into his characterization very much. Finally, from all this we can conclude that Shakespeare has done an excellent job! How to cite Julius Caesar, Papers Julius Caesar Free Essays Theme Analysis of Julius Caesar The subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person’s thoughts, or an exhibition; a topic: â€Å"the theme of the sermon was reverence†. Almost everything a person reads has some sort of theme, without a theme, is the material really meaningful? When one is asked to identify the theme of a work of literature there is not one right answer, but many. In Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, power and masculinity go hand-in-hand, pride holds both positive and negative qualities, and friendship results in manipulation and violent betrayals. We will write a custom essay sample on Julius Caesar or any similar topic only for you Order Now In ancient Rome, it was a â€Å"man’s world† where men are considered weak and cowardly at any sign of fear or emotion and women are considered inferior and irrelevant simply because they were women. In act one, Cassius attempts to undermine Caesar’s authority as a leader by attacking his masculinity multiple times: â€Å"But ere we could arrive the point proposed, / Caesar cried ‘Help me, Cassius, or I sink! ‘†¦ †(Shakespeare), here Cassius tells of a time when Caesar had tried to prove his bravery and nearly drowns in the Tiber river and called out to Cassius for help. In another instance, Cassius tells of a time when Caesar was ill and had to ask for water, â€Å"Alas, it cried ‘Give me some drink, Titinius,’ / As a sick girl. Ye gods, it doth amaze me†(Shakespeare). In ancient Rome, being sick or in distress was a sign of weakness and lack of manliness. In act two, Portia attempts to persuade Brutus to share his secrets with her by telling him if he will not tell her, then she is simply his harlot, not his wife: Within the bond of marriage, tell me, Brutus, Is it excepted I should know no secrets That appertain to you? Am I yourself But, as it were, in sort or limitation, To keep with you at meals, comfort your bed, And talk to you sometimes? Dwell I but in the suburbs Of your good pleasure? If it be no more, Portia is Brutus’ harlot, not his wife. (Shmoop Editorial Team) After a failing attempt to convince Marcus Brutus to confide in her, she decides to prove her strength by giving herself a voluntary wound in her thigh, â€Å"I have made strong proof of my constancy, / Giving myself a voluntary wound / Here, in the thigh: can I bear that with patience†(Shmoop Editorial Team). Caesar completely disregards his Calpurnia’s, his wife, ominous dream so he will not be seen as a coward to the other men, â€Å"Calphurnia here, my wife, stays me at home: / She dreamt to-night she saw my statue, / Which, like a fountain with an hundred spouts, / Did run pure blood:†¦. †(Crowther). Calpurnia begs Caesar to stay home because ancient Rome was very superstitious and she had dreamt of his death. At first, Caesar agrees because, in reality, he too is superstitious and fearful, until Decius persuades him. â€Å" How foolish do your fears seem now, Calphurnia! / I am ashamed I did yield to them. Give me my robe, for I will goâ€Å" (Crowther), Decius changes the interpretation of Calpurnia’s dream by telling Caesar that Calpurnia is unable to properly interpret her dream and everyone would question his manhood and power if he listened to his wife. Although masculinity was a problem for both men and women in ancient Rome, pride seems to be more t roublesome for the men versus the women. Julius Caesar’s lack of humility and extreme arrogance throughout his time in the play is blinding him, but Marcus Brutus’ humbleness leads him to seem wiser and more likeable compared to Caesar. Caesar’s prideful arrogance shields him from seeing the harm the conspirators accuse him of and the harm that is being planned against him: â€Å"Caesar shall forth: the things that threaten’d me / Ne’er look’d but on my back; when they shall see / The face of Caesar, they are vanished† (Crowther). The women, Portia and Clapurnia, are less affected by arrogance because for one, they lack the ability to hold arrogance. Calpurnia is open and honest about her fears of her dream and of her desires for Caesar to stay home: â€Å"Alas, my lord, Your wisdom is consumed in confidence. Do not go forth to-day: call it my fear That keeps you in the house, and not your own. We’ll send Mark Antony to the senate-house: And he shall say you are not well to-day: Let me, upon my knee, prevail in this. † (Shmoop Editorial Team) Portia is accepting of the fact that Brutus is untrusting of her because she is a woman even though her father is a great man, as is her husband (Brutus), â€Å"I grant I am a woman; but withal / A woman well-reputed, Cato’s daughter. / Think you I am no stronger than my sex, / Being so father’d and so husbanded? (Shmoop Editorial Team). Brutus’ humility is ultimately the downfall of him as he lacks the strength and conviction to justify the murder of Caesar, his friend. â€Å"O Cassius, I am sick of many griefs† (Shakespeare), here Brutus tells Cassius he is feeling guilty about his actions and decides to bear his grief nobly. He also decides to not get upset or worried about things like the death of his wif e or murdering his best friend. If he had decided that he had the right to judge Caesar, and judged him correctly, then he may not have decided to be a art of the conspiracy and the murder of Julius Caesar might not have happened. Pride played major parts in the play for both Julius Caesar and Marcus Brutus, as does friendship. The men, particularly Caesar and Brutus, in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar must decide between their friendships and their loyalty to the Roman Republic. Brutus is the first to fall victim to the manipulation and violent betrayal when he joins the conspiracy act once it appears that he, Caesar, is headed for absolute power. Cassius, Be not deceived: if I have veil’d my look, I turn the trouble of my countenance Merely upon myself. Vexed I am Of late with passions of some difference, Conceptions only proper to myself, Which give some soil perhaps to my behaviors; But let not therefore my good friends be grieved— Among which number, Cassius, be you one— Nor construe any further my neglect, Than that poor Brutus, with himself at war, Forgets the shows of love to other men. (Shmoop Editorial Team) here, Brutus goes out of his way to apologize to Cassius once he, Cassius, sks Brutus why he’s been â€Å"distant†, later in act one, Cassius manipulates Brutus’ friendship by extreme flattery, â€Å"And be not jealous on me, gentle Brutus: / Were I a common laugher, or did use / To stale with ordinary oaths my love / To every new protester; if you know / That I do fawn on men and hug them hard† (Shakespeare). Brutus then, in act three, states that his choice came down to hi s love for Rome, versus his love for his friend â€Å"–Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved / Rome more†(Shakespeare). In The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, it is nearly impossible for the men to separate their true friends from their enemies. Caesar was unable to identify his true friend, Antony, who would grieve and attempt to avenge his, Caesar’s, death by killing Cassius and Brutus. In act three scene one, once Antony is notified of Caesar’s death, he tells the conspirators that if they believe he too, is corrupt, than to kill him then because he would be happiest to die next to Caesar, â€Å"No place will please me so, no mean of death, / As here by Caesar, and by you cut off, / The choice and master spirits of this age† (Shmoop Editorial Team). During Mark Antony’s speech at Caesar’s funeral, he indirectly declares vengeance against Brutus and Cassius. In this play, manipulation and friendship go together in the ways that they lead to each other. Cassius is not truly Brutus’ friend, he only used and manipulated him, Brutus, because without Brutus, the conspiracy may not have been successful; Tis just, And it is very much lamented, Brutus, That you have no such mirrors as will turn Your hidden worthiness into your eye That you might see your shadow. I have heard Where many of the best respect in Rome, Except immortal Caesar, speaking of Brutus And groaning underneath this age’s yoke, Have wish’d that noble Brutus had his eyes. (Crowther) The conspiracy cannot be complete without Brutus as shown in the following quote â€Å"That Rome holds of his name, wherein obscurely / Caesar’s ambition shall be glanced at. / And after this let Caesar seat him sure; / For we will shake him, or worse days endureâ€Å"(Crowther), Cassius is placing fake letters from fake citizens about their desires for Brutus to rule, in hopes that this will contribute to Brutus joining the conspiracy. Also, once it is clear that Mark Antony is going to win the war, Cassius seems to attempt to leave Brutus and the war and flee, showing again, that Cassius isn’t true to Brutus or their so called â€Å"friendship†. Antony is able to use manipulation to change the citizens from being on Brutus’ side, to rioting in a matter of minutes, â€Å"Never, never. Come, away, away! / We’ll burn his body in the holy place / And with the brands fire the traitors’ houses. / Take up the body†(Shmoop Editorial Team). Masculinity, pride, and friendship are all themes affecting Shakespeare’s characters in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. The men of Rome faced many problems with the ideals of their time and some of which eventually led to the downfall of some men (and Portia) in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. How to cite Julius Caesar, Essay examples Julius Caesar Free Essays Then fall, Caesar! † These last words of Caesar show the heartbreak and betrayal that he felt inside. The relationship between Brutes and Caesar is bitterly ironic in such a way that the audience can feel the characters emotions. However, it Is somewhat difficult to choose whether you can Justify the actions of the conspirators, or if you fall into the sorrow and anger that is inside those who loved and supported Caesar. We will write a custom essay sample on Julius Caesar or any similar topic only for you Order Now Going back to Career’s last words, â€Å"Et TU Brute? Then fall, Caesar! † you can start to put an image In your head. Imagine that you were randomly Ewing stabbed by the people you thought liked you so much that they actually wanted to king you. Not only were you stabbed once, but a painful 33 times. And to really put the cherry on top, the last person to stab you was supposedly one of your closest friends. Torturous much? It doesn’t stop yet. You dedicate your last words of the feelings of defeat and utter betrayal to your close friend. It almost seems as If Caesar was reaching out to the morality of Brutes, Caesar desperately wanted Brutes to know that he was important to him, and that there is almost nothing else that loud have pained him so much than to be stabbed lastly by someone that he thought was so close. Once again, bringing it back to Caesar last words, â€Å"Et TU. Brute? † is just the English what the translator decided to write. Different translations say something like, muff too, young man? Or â€Å"You too, my son? † A popular belief is that Brutes is actually Caesar illegitimate son, as some say there is historical proof that Brutes’ mother and Caesar once intimately loved each other. For this to happen Caesar would have to be only 15 when Brutes was born, so it is found unlikely by any. Whether or not Brutes and Caesar were kin by blood, it is still known that they had an in depth relationship with each other. After Career’s death, there are oodles of complications. After Antonym had given his speech, the crowd rioted and burned down the houses of the conspirators. Antonym, Octavia, and Lipid’s had taken charge of Rome. Both Antonym and Octavia agreed to have Lipid’s to be the third person in power because of his willingness to agree with what he’s told. Such an act reveals the characters of Antonym and Octavia as loaches and avaricious. Before a war has started, Brutes encounters the ghost of Caesar. Some believe that the ghost was lust a dream, but if this were so, then it shows how Brutes really feels towards Caesar. Caesar was once his close friend, and even though he believed he was participating in the assassination for a cause, he seems to question his motives when he feels convicted by the ghost. War has begun between Antonym and Octavia against Brutes and Cassias. The armless set out, and Antonym army beats Cassias’ army, but Brutes’ army beats Activation’s army. Cassias then sends out Taluses, of his friends, to Investigate. Cassias thought that Taluses was captured, and out of his own guilt and cowardliness to see what was going on for himself, his friend would pay the price. Cassias committed suicide, even though Taluses wasn’t actually captured. Once again, the armies fight. Brutes loses the war this time, and before he is captured and paraded around the streets of his enemy in shame, he decides to commit an honorary suicide by running onto a sword while having one of his soldiers holds it. Ablest Roman of them all: [All the conspirators, save only he, [Did that they did in new of great Caesar; [He only, in a general-honest thought [And common good to all, made one of them. His life was gentle; and the elements [So mixed in him that Nature might stand up [And say to all the world, â€Å"This was a man! † Even Antonym, the enemy of Brutes, calls him noble, in which he realizes that Brutes was not in the same reasoning as Cassias. Brutes actually cared about Rome, and even though his viewpoints did not match up with Antonym’s, he still was genuine. Throughout the text it is plain to see that Brutes is open minded, but he makes mistake s. Brutes is human, and relatable. Through his moral, the reader can forgive Brutes’ bluntness. In my opinion, Brutes is the one that most people tend to favor because of his realistic and thoughtful character. Viewing the conspirators and how they Justified their decision in killing Caesar is somewhat of a confusing manner. Brutes feels like he’s in the right place, he says he loves Caesar well, so this kind of shows Brutes sacrificing is friend for the good of Rome. Cassias, on the other hand, went on with the murder for purely out of the negativity he feels towards Caesar, rather than doing it for the benefit of Rome. So when choosing a side between the people for and against Caesar, you cannot exactly pick the conspirators as a whole. Instead, one could break it down into three main sides: The people in favor of Caesar, such as Antonym and Octavo’s, the positive conspirators, such as Brutes, and lastly the negative conspirators, such as Cassias. How to cite Julius Caesar, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

Slavery Life On The Plantations Essay Example For Students

Slavery Life On The Plantations Essay Slave Life The warm climate, boundless fields of fertile soil, long growing seasons, and numerous waterways provided favorable conditions for farming plantations in the South (Foster). The richness of the South depended on the productivity of the plantations (Katz 3-5). With the invention of the cotton gin, expansion of the country occurred. This called for the spread of slavery (Foster). Slaves, owned by one in four families, were controlled from birth to death by their white owners. Black men, women, and children toiled in the fields and houses under horrible conditions (Katz 3-5). The slave system attempted to destroy black family structure and take away human dignity (Starobin 101). Slaves led a hard life on the Southern plantations. Most slaves were brought from Africa, either kidnapped or sold by their tribes to slave catchers for violating a tribal command. Some were even traded for tobacco, sugar, and other useful products (Cowan and Maguire 5:18). Those not killed or lucky e nough to escape the slave-catching raids were chained together (Foster). The slaves had no understanding of what was happening to them. They were from different tribes and of different speaking languages. Most captured blacks had never seen the white skinned foreigners who came on long, strange boats to journey them across the ocean. They would never see their families or native lands again. These unfortunate people were shackled and crammed tightly into the holds of ships for weeks. Some refused to eat and others committed suicide by jumping overboard (Foster). When the ships reached American ports, slaves were unloaded into pens to be sold at auctions to the highest bidder. One high-priced slave compared auction prices with another, saying, quot;You wouldnt fetch bout fifty dollas, but Im wuth a thousandquot; (qtd. in Foster). At the auctions, potential buyers would examine the captives muscles and teeth. Mens and womens bodies were exposed to look for lash marks. No marks on a bo dy meant that he or she was an obedient person. The slaves were required to dance or jump around to prove their limberness. Young, fair-skinned muttaloes, barely clothed and ready to be sold to brothel owners, were kept in private rooms (Foster). It was profitable to teach the slaves skills so that during the crop off-season they could be hired out to work. Although they were not being paid, some were doing more skilled work than poor whites were. The better behaved slaves were allowed to be carpenters, masons, bricklayers, or iron workers. The construction of bridges, streets, canals, railroad lines, public buildings, and private homes was made possible by using slave labor (Cowan and Maguire 5:44). Slaves had no rights. This was done to keep them from revolting against their masters or attaining too much power (Katz 3-5). They were not allowed to communicate with each other or have meetings of any sort. To leave the plantation, a worker was required to have a pass signed by the ma ster and overseer. Slaves could not own property, although some masters authorized it. Knives, guns, or any kind of weapon was not allowed. Forced separation of family members was a constant, dreadful threat (Foster). ;quot;It was de saddes thing dat ever happen to me,quot; one slave recalls of the sale of her sister, whom she never saw again (qtd. in Foster). Blacks received harsher criminal sentencing than whites, regardless of the crime (Cowan and Maguire 5:17). Marriage between slaves was not legally recognized, but owners encouraged it because a more stable environment was created. Married couples with children were less likely to attempt escape. Unfortunately, there usually was not a suitable mate choice among the slaves, so most remained single (Starobin 7). Rebel slaves would recruit Indians, poor whites, and anti-slavery persons to attack all white men, women, and children (Starobin 123-26). These uprisings occurred with at least one major revolt per generation (Starobin 98 ). Most rebellions were led by skilled artisans and industrial workers. The slaves depended on midnight surprise attacks and support from many (Starobin 124). They would set fire to buildings; while the whites were extinguishing the flames, angry slaves would assault them from behind (Starobin 123-26). Owners were forced to quot;sleep with one eye openquot; in case the large masses of slaves decided to uprise (qtd. in Foster). On a much smaller scale, slaves expressed their hate by refusing their duties, performing slow and sloppy work, stealing goods, fighting with overseers, sabotaging machinery and tools, and resisting the white culture forced upon them (Starobin 98-99). Some attempted to run away. They sought refuge in mountains and swamps. Professional slave catchers used bloodhound dogs to track down runaways. Sometimes handbills with the description of the slave were printed and distributed through several communities. In some cases, after a few days or weeks in the wildernes s, a slave would give up hope and return to his master. Very few runaways escaped to freedom. Captured slaves would be beaten, burned, or killed as an example to other slaves (Foster). Whipping was the most commonly used form of punishment for disorderly slaves (David et al. 63-68). Rewards were handed out to the fastest and most productive cotton pickers. One might receive extra food rations or a new set of clothing. Some earned assignment to tasks of choice. Permission to visit a neighboring plantation might be given or a trip to town might be planned. Some overseers gave out small amounts of money to buy tobacco, jewelry, or trinkets from peddlers (David et al. 69-70). Overwork pay was another favorable prize, but few slaveowners used this method (Starobin 7). A slave was considered lucky if he got to be a house servant. House servants were considered the quot;aristocrats of slaveryquot; (qtd. in Ploski and Williams 1438). They were the best behaved and most submissive, occasiona lly even the mixed offspring of the master himself. The house servants were raised in belief that they were superior to other slaves in status and importance (Starobin 63). Intimate friendships often formed between master and messenger (Ploski and Williams 1438). Young black boys and girls were sometimes adopted into the family (Katz 4-5). House slaves were allowed to practice trades such as tailoring and masonry. Some were permitted to study music and teach. Duties of the housekeeper were managing the house, caring for the children, and driving the buggy; they basically catered to the masters requests (Ploski and Williams 1438). A slaveowner might enlist the help of his servant to spy on overseers and tattle on other slaves (Starobin 63). Most house slaves lived in the same house as the master (Ploski and Williams 1438). The majority of house servants were women; therefore, they were open and vulnerable to sexual abuse. They were unsafe from lusty masters and overseers, even fellow slave men, who ignored state laws against rape. Powerless women were forced into prostitution. The slave woman suffered most by the white ;quot;fiends who bear the shape of men.;quot; (qtd. in Foster). Fortunately this seldomly occurred (Foster). Sometimes a willing relationship between master and slave evolved (Ploski and Williams 1438). Field hands met a much harsher fate. ;quot;Unrelieved horror and vicious cruelty;quot; described the day-to-day life of a field hand (qtd. in Katz 3). They were in charge of sowing, reaping, and planting commercial crops like cotton and tobacco under the watchful eye of unmerciful overseers (Ploski and Williams 1437). They worked in all weather conditions from sunup to sundown every day. Slaves were rarely used to grow grains such as wheat, rye, and barley because they were considered unsuitable to handle it (Katz 4-5). Field laborers cared for equipment and kept gardens in shape (Ploski and Williams 1437). When the need for soldiers arose during war, some blacks enlisted into the militia, either willingly or by force from the master (Cowan and Maguire 5: 17). Masters kept food, clothing, and shelter at bare minimum to reduce costs (Starobin 7). Often workers were given a small shack with no windows, a bare dirt floor, and a leaky roof. Several families might live in one crowded room. They were allowed corn or rice, maybe a bucket a week, and rarely received meat as a food staple. The field slaves were very malnourished. The slaves were given one set of clothing to wear for years, and most did not have shoes (Ploski and Williams 1439). As a result of the poor living conditions, disease and death rates were kept high (Starobin 7). Most adult slaves were worked to death in eight to ten years (Ploski and Williams 1437). Slavery was a terrible institution. It took peoples lives and tore them apart. Many black people suffered for decades. Slaves were exposed to prejudice and inhuman treatment. They lived in unthinkable conditions , stripped of their dignity and rights as human beings. Slavery changed the path of history forever. Works Cited Cowan, Tom, and Jack Maguire. Timelines in American History. New York: Perigee Books, 1994. David, Paul, et al. Reckoning with Slavery. New York: Oxford University Press, 1976. Foster, Stephen T. The Civil War Collection. New York: New Viewpoints, 1974. Katz, William Loren, ed. Slavery to Civil War. Vol 2. New York: Franklin Watts, 1974. Ploski, Harry A., and James Williams. Reference Library of Black America. Vol 5. New York: Gale Research, 1990. Starobin, Robert S., Blacks in Bondage. 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